Russell’s Viper Antivenin to Neutralize 0.6 mg/ml of Daboia Russelli Siamensis Snake Venom
The Red Cross produces 7 kinds of Monovalent snake antivenin that separate into 2 major group that are snake antivenin against the neurotoxic snake (King cobra antivenin, Cobra antivenin, Banded Krait antivenin and Malayan Krait antivenin) and hematotoxic snake (Malayan pit viper antivenin, Green pit viper antivenin and Russell’s viper antivenin). The polyvalent snake antivenom are also produced against such 2 group of snake.
Administration
The freeze-dried antivenin must be reconstituted with the solution supplied (or 10 ml of sterile water for injection) prior to the administration.
Dosage of hematoxic snake antivenin Russell’s Viper antivenom
The initial dose of this hematotoxic snake antivenin is 30 ml of reconstituted antivenin that should be given by slow intravenous infusion (approx. 2 ml/min). Subsequent dose can be given every 6 hours according to the clinical symptoms.
Contraindication
None, unless the patient is known to be hypersensitive to constitutions of the product, appropriate precautions must be taken.
Side effects
Occasionally, transient tenderness at the injection site, cutaneous reaction and alterations in temperature may occur. In some cases nausea, vomiting and also circulatory reactions (e.g. tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension, sweating, vertigo) and allergic reactions (e.g. with flush, urticaria, dyspnea) have been observed, extending in isolated cases as far as shock. Therefore, the patient should be monitored for an extended period of time.Therapeutic measures depend on the nature and severity of side effects. Antihistamines, if necessary adrenaline, high doses of corticosteroids, volume replacement, oxygen.
Special precautions
Since the antivenin is prepared from horse serum, sensitization to heterologous protein may occur in some individuals. To avoid serious allergic reactions, skin test should be performed prior to the administration by injection of 0.02 ml of 1:100 antivenin d