Russell’s Viper Antivenin to Neutralize 0.6 mg/ml of Daboia Russelli Siamensis Snake Venom
The Red Cross produces 7 kinds of Monovalent snake antivenin that separate into 2 major group that are snake antivenin against the neurotoxic snake (King cobra antivenin, Cobra antivenin, Banded Krait antivenin and Malayan Krait antivenin) and hematotoxic snake (Malayan pit viper antivenin, Green pit viper antivenin and Russell’s viper antivenin). The polyvalent snake antivenom are also produced against such 2 group of snake.
Administration
The freeze-dried antivenin must be reconstituted with the solution supplied (or 10 ml of sterile water for injection) prior to the administration.
Dosage of hematoxic snake antivenin Russell’s Viper antivenom
The initial dose of this hematotoxic snake antivenin is 30 ml of reconstituted antivenin that should be given by slow intravenous infusion (approx. 2 ml/min). Subsequent dose can be given every 6 hours according to the clinical symptoms.
Contraindication
None, unless the patient is known to be hypersensitive to constitutions of the product, appropriate precautions must be taken.
Side effects
Occasionally, transient tenderness at the injection site, cutaneous reaction and alterations in temperature may occur. In some cases nausea, vomiting and also circulatory reactions (e.g. tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension, sweating, vertigo) and allergic reactions (e.g. with flush, urticaria, dyspnea) have been observed, extending in isolated cases as far as shock. Therefore, the patient should be monitored for an extended period of time.Therapeutic measures depend on the nature and severity of side effects. Antihistamines, if necessary adrenaline, high doses of corticosteroids, volume replacement, oxygen.
Special precautions
Since the antivenin is prepared from horse serum, sensitization to heterologous protein may occur in some individuals. To avoid serious allergic reactions, skin test should be performed prior to the administration by injection of 0.02 ml of 1:100 antivenin dilution intradermally. It should be noted that the skin test may not predict the anaphylaxis nor delay serum sickness reactions.
Storage and stability
Keep in tightly closed container and store below 25-degree Celsius. The product shall have a shelf life of 5 years from the manufacturing date.
The manufacturing plant of QSMI has developed to meet the GMP requirement and get the GMP certificated from Thai FDA since 2003.
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